4/9/2022

Pai Go

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A set of Chinese dominoes. The top double-row of tiles lists the eleven matching pairs, in descending value from left to right. Below them are five non-matching pairs, worth less than the matching pairs, and also in descending value from left to right. The Gee Joon tiles, lower right, are the highest pair of all.

Pai gow (Chinese: 牌九; pinyin: pái jiǔ; Jyutping: paai4 gau2) is a Chinesegamblinggame, played with a set of 32 Chinese dominoes. It is played in major casinos in China (including Macau); the United States (including Boston, Massachusetts; Las Vegas, Nevada; Reno, Nevada; Connecticut; Atlantic City, New Jersey; Pennsylvania; Mississippi; and cardrooms in California); Canada (including Edmonton, Alberta and Calgary, Alberta); Australia; and, New Zealand.

The name 'pai gow' is sometimes used to refer to a card game called pai gow poker (or “double-hand poker”), which is loosely based on pai gow.

Rules[edit]

Starting[edit]

Tiles are shuffled on the table and are arranged into eight face-down stacks of four tiles each in an assembly known as the woodpile. Individual stacks or tiles may then be moved in specific ways to rearrange the woodpile, after which the players place their bets.

Next, each player (including the dealer) is given one stack of tiles and must use them to form two hands of two tiles each. The hand with the lower value is called the front hand, and the hand with the higher value is called the rear hand. If a player's front hand beats the dealer's front hand, and the player's rear hand beats the dealer's rear hand, then that player wins the bet. If a player's front and rear hands both lose to the dealer's respective hands, the player loses the bet. If one hand wins and the other loses, the player is said to push, and gets back only the money he or she bet. Generally seven players will play, and each player's hands are compared only against the dealer's hands; comparisons are always front-front and rear-rear, never one of each.

There are 35,960 possible ways to select 4 of the 32 tiles when the 32 tiles are considered distinguishable. However, there are 3620 distinct sets of 4 tiles when the tiles of a pair are considered indistinguishable. There are 496 ways to select 2 of the 32 tiles when the 32 tiles are considered distinguishable. There are 136 distinct hands (pairs of tiles) when the tiles of a pair are considered indistinguishable.

Evaluations of three basic hands

Basic scoring[edit]

The name 'pai gow' is loosely translated as 'make nine' or 'card nine'. This reflects the fact that, with a few high-scoring exceptions, the maximum score for a hand is nine. If a hand consists of two tiles that do not form a pair, its value is determined by adding up the total number of pips on the tiles and dropping the tens digit (if any). Examples:

1–3 with 2-3: value 9 (nine pips altogether)
2–3 with 5-6: value 6 (16 pips; drop the 10)
5–5 with 4-6: value 0 (20 pips; ones digit is zero)

A Day tile (left) and a Teen tile (right)

Gongs and Wongs[edit]

There are special ways in which a hand can score more than nine points. The double-one tiles and double-six tiles are known as the Day and Teen tiles, respectively. The combination of a Day or Teen with an eight results in a Gong, worth 10 points, while putting either of them with a nine creates a Wong, worth 11. However, when a Day or Teen is paired with any other tile, the standard scoring rules apply.

Gee Joon tiles[edit]

The 1-2 and the 2-4 tiles are called Gee Joon tiles and act as limited wild cards. When used as part of a hand, these tiles may be scored as either 3 or 6, whichever results in a higher hand value. For example, a hand of 1-2 and 5-6 scores as seven rather than four.

Pairs[edit]

Pai Gow Poker online, free

The matching pair of eights (left) is worth more than the non-matching pair of eights (right). If a hand contained one of the tiles on the left and one of the tiles on the right, these would not form a pair at all, since the tiles that make pairs are defined by tradition.

The 32 tiles in a Chinese dominoes set can be arranged into 16 pairs, as shown in the picture at the top of this article. Eleven of these pairs have identical tiles, and five of these pairs are made up of two tiles that score the same, but look different. (The latter group includes the Gee Joon tiles, which can score the same, whether as three or six.) Any hand consisting of a pair outscores a non-pair, regardless of the pip counts. (Pairs are often thought of as being worth 12 points each.)

When the player and dealer both have a pair, the higher-ranked pair wins. Ranking is determined not by the sum of the tiles' pips, but rather by aesthetics; the order must be memorized. The highest pairs are the Gee Joon tiles, the Teens, the Days, and the red eights. The lowest pairs are the mismatched nines, eights, sevens, and fives.

Ties[edit]

When the player and dealer display hands with the same score, the one with the highest-valued tile (based on the pair rankings described above) is the winner. For example, a player's hand of 3-4 and 2-2 and a dealer's hand of 5-6 and 5-5 would each score one point. However, since the dealer's 5-5 outranks the other three tiles, he would win the hand.

If the scores are tied, and if the player and dealer each have an identical highest-ranking tile, the hand is ruled a copy and the dealer wins. For example, if the player held 2-2 and 1–6, and the dealer held 2-2 and 3–4, the dealer would win since the scores (1 each) and the higher tiles (2-2) are the same. The lower-ranked tile in each hand is never used to break a tie.

There are two exceptions to the method described above. First, although the Gee Joon tiles form the highest-ranking pair, they are considered to have no value when evaluating ties. Second, any zero-zero tie is won by the dealer, regardless of the tiles in the two hands.

Strategy[edit]

The key element of pai gow strategy is to present the optimal front and rear hands based on the tiles dealt to the player. There are three ways to arrange four tiles into two hands when no two of them form a pair. However, if there is at least one pair among the tiles, there are only two distinct ways to form two hands.

There are three ways to arrange these tiles into two hands.

Using the tiles shown at right, the following hands and scores are possible:

A and B (0), C and D (0)
A and C (5), B and D (5)
A and D (3), B and C (7)

The player must decide which combination is most likely to give a set of front/rear hands that can beat the dealer, or at least break a tie in the player's favor. In some cases, a player with weaker tiles may deliberately attempt to attain a push so as to avoid losing the bet outright. Many players rely on superstition or tradition to choose tile pairings.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pai Gow.

Pai gow lore at Wizard of Odds website (Michael Shackleford)

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pai_gow&oldid=989739017'

Welcome brother, the White Lotus opens wide to those who know her secrets.

Sha-Mo

There are board games made just for movies or tv shows: 3D chess in Star Trek, Double Cranko in M*A*S*H, and of course Jumanji. Still, Pai Sho stands out from the rest. The fictional games relaxed feel and the mystery surrounding it make it one of the most intriguing on tv. Fortunately, the story behind the game isn’t quite as mysterious.

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What is Pai Sho?

Meet Pai Sho, a game that originates in the Avatar series and helps fictional characters Iroh and Zuko dodge bounty hunters and sneak into backrooms. There is a lot of secrecy around Pai Sho. The order of the white lotus used the game as a clever way to let each other know they are members. Members would ask people they suspected of being members for a game of Pai Sho. Members placed a lotus tile in the center. If the guest formed a lotus symbol with them then it is confirmation of their membership.

This level of secrecy was required so the order of the white lotus could remain secret from the fire nation. The order of the white lotus accomplished many tasks together, but their most noteworthy is protecting and training the Avatar. Pai sho plays a critical role in the Avatar series and one might wonder what game inspired it.

The inspiration behind Pai Sho is a game called Go. Go originated roughly 2500 years ago in China and is the oldest game still played in its original form [1]. Go resembles Pai Sho because it is also an abstract two-player game. The Goal in Go is to surround a larger total area of the board with one’s stones than the opponent. This leaves interesting visual patterns on the board.

This is an example of a close game from the 2020 China-US Internet Go Tournament. It is easy to see why Nickelodeon, the creator of the avatar series, drew from this game to determine the visual significance of forming a lotus in Pai Sho.

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**How to play Pai Sho?**

Skud Pai Sho is a website that allows avatar fans to play Pai Sho online or to purchase a physical version that includes a custom board and pieces. Often in tournaments, which are also hosted on this website, the winner gets to take home one of these luxury boards made out of wood.

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Skud Pai Sho’s website also has a comprehensive rule list. Their rule list for the game is a variant based on the compilation of the various existing community rules [2]. Avatar fans have done a great job bringing a once fictional game into real life.

The object of Pai Sho is to arrange your tiles in a certain way to create Harmonies (when two tiles that belong to the same player are on the same vertical or horizontal line with no other tiles or Gates between them). Another important aspect is preventing your opponent from achieving the same goal. One can prevent their opponent from achieving the same goal by using Accent Tiles.

For example, the “rock” is one of the four accent tiles and when it is played on an open intersection, no tiles can form Harmony on the entire vertical or horizontal line that the Rock tile is on. This is one of the many strategies someone could use to prevent their opponent from creating the same goal as them. The game concludes when a player creates a harmony ring, which is a chain of Harmonies that goes around the center point of the board. For a more detailed look at how to play, Pai Sho click here.

Pai Goi

What does the future look like for Pai Sho? Since the release of the Avatar series, the interest of Pai Sho has been overwhelming. Although there is great interest in the subject, there is not much traction in playing Pai Sho. Although there isn’t much interest in playing the game, Pai Sho will always be a fun way to dive deeper into a show we already love.